Adam Smith dhe Karl Marks, dy nga figurat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme historike n\u00eb disiplin\u00ebn e ekonomis\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht dallimeve t\u00eb tyre ideologjike, e trajtuan ekonomin\u00eb si nj\u00eb subjekt t\u00eb natyrsh\u00ebm politik. Ata as nuk e quanin \u201cekonomiks\u201d; ata e quanin ekonomi politike. P\u00ebr Smithin, studimi i krijimit t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb ishte i pandash\u00ebm nga pyetjet rreth shtetit, klas\u00ebs shoq\u00ebrore dhe filozofis\u00eb morale.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr Marksin, ekonomia ishte nj\u00eb sistem marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniesh pushteti, jo thjesht nj\u00eb grup mekanizmash shk\u00ebmbimi n\u00eb treg.<\/p>\n
Ndryshimi, si teorik, ashtu edhe metodologjik, filloi n\u00eb vitet m\u00ebvonshme, rreth vitit 1870, kur nj\u00eb grup ekonomist\u00ebsh (William Stanley Jevons, Carl Menger dhe L\u00e9on Walras) nis\u00ebn at\u00eb q\u00eb u b\u00eb i njohur si revolucioni marxhinalist. Ata e zhvendos\u00ebn fokusin e disiplin\u00ebs ekonomike nga prodhimi, klasa dhe pushteti drejt preferencave subjektive individuale dhe optimizimit matematikor. Vlera nuk p\u00ebrcaktohej m\u00eb nga puna ose marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shoq\u00ebrore; ajo p\u00ebrcaktohej nga dobia shtes\u00eb ose nga sa k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi i ofronte nj\u00ebsia e fundit e nj\u00eb t\u00eb mire nj\u00eb konsumatori individual.<\/p>\n
Ekonomist\u00ebt filluan ta trajtonin ekonomin\u00eb si shkenc\u00eb natyrore. Huazuan mjetet matematikore, por injoruan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb fatale faktin se ishte e pamundur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shkenc\u00eb q\u00eb ka n\u00eb qend\u00ebr njeriun dhe veprimet e tij t\u00eb replikonte rigorozitetin empirik t\u00eb nj\u00eb shkence natyrore.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb tej, Alfred Marshall, n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij me ndikim t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm, \u201cParimet e Ekonomis\u00eb\u201d, hoqi nga titulli, q\u00ebllimisht, fjal\u00ebn \u201cpolitike\u201d. Mesazhi ishte i qart\u00eb: ekonomia nuk ishte m\u00eb nj\u00eb deg\u00eb e k\u00ebrkimit politik. Ishte nj\u00eb disiplin\u00eb teknike me ligjet e veta, metodat e veta dhe pretendimin e saj jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb dyshimt\u00eb p\u00ebr objektivitet dhe universalitet.<\/p>\n
Sot, disiplina ekonomike nuk e p\u00ebrfshin m\u00eb variablin e pushtetit n\u00eb analiz\u00ebn ekonomike; ajo vler\u00ebson m\u00eb tep\u00ebr efikasitetin sesa drejt\u00ebsin\u00eb sociale dhe, mbi t\u00eb gjitha, shkenca ekonomike duket m\u00eb e interesuar p\u00ebr rezultatet e modeleve matematikore sesa p\u00ebr mir\u00ebqenien njer\u00ebzore.<\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb qeveri, takova shum\u00eb ekonomist\u00eb t\u00eb huaj me PhD, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00eb organizatat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n
Ata p\u00ebrdornin gjer\u00ebsisht modele, me an\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave, duke u bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb supozimesh, p\u00ebrcaktohej leht\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb norm\u00eb tatimore \u201coptimale\u201d, por nuk mund t\u00eb diskutonin forcat politike q\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb n\u00ebse kjo norm\u00eb tatimore mund t\u00eb zbatohet duke sjell\u00eb efektin e d\u00ebshiruar ose, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, n\u00ebse duhet t\u00eb zbatohet apo jo.<\/p>\n
Teksa lexon raportin e FMN-s\u00eb, e cila i propozonte BSH-s\u00eb t\u00eb mos nd\u00ebrhynte n\u00eb tregjet e kursit t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit, megjith\u00ebse d\u00ebmet q\u00eb nj\u00eb forcim i lekut pa rritje t\u00eb produktivitetit i shkakton prodhimit vendas jan\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme, kupton se sa i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb depolitizimi i ekonomis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Depolitizimi i ekonomis\u00eb dhe paraqitja e vendimeve ekonomike thjesht si teknike e kan\u00eb zhveshur ekonomin\u00eb nga natyra e saj thell\u00ebsisht politike. Ndaj, sot, ekonomist\u00ebt kuptojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb analiz\u00ebn statistikore dhe matematikore, por m\u00eb pak ekonomin\u00eb reale.<\/p>\n
Ekonomia \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb thelb politike; ajo kurr\u00eb nuk ka qen\u00eb dhe kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb shkenc\u00eb natyrore. Ajo form\u00ebsohet nga ideologjit\u00eb, morali njer\u00ebzor, interesat konkurruese, normat shoq\u00ebrore dhe prioritetet politike. T\u00eb pretendosh t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn nuk e b\u00ebn ekonomin\u00eb m\u00eb rigoroze. E b\u00ebn at\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Adam Smith dhe Karl Marks, dy nga figurat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme historike n\u00eb disiplin\u00ebn e ekonomis\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht dallimeve t\u00eb tyre ideologjike, e trajtuan ekonomin\u00eb si nj\u00eb subjekt t\u00eb natyrsh\u00ebm politik. Ata as nuk e quanin \u201cekonomiks\u201d; ata e quanin ekonomi politike. P\u00ebr Smithin, studimi i krijimit t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb ishte i pandash\u00ebm nga pyetjet rreth shtetit, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":98430,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-98429","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-te-tjera"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98429"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98429\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98431,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98429\/revisions\/98431"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98429"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98429"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}