USAID-i u krijua n\u00eb vitet 1960 nga administrata Kennedy me dy q\u00ebllime qendrore. E para ishte t’i \u00e7onte vendet drejt vet\u00eb-mjaftueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, edhe e dyta ishte hapja e tregjeve dhe mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb biznesit p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb amerikane. Agjencia e zhvillimit shihej si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar “zemrat dhe mendjet” e njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb vendet n\u00eb zhvillim. <\/p>\n
Me kalimin e koh\u00ebs transformimi i vendeve drejt vet\u00eb-mjaftueshm\u00ebris\u00eb mbeti I pa l\u00ebkundur vet\u00ebm ne retorik\u00ebn e USAID, nd\u00ebrsa komunitetet n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin vet\u00ebm th\u00ebrrimet e ndihm\u00ebs amerikane.<\/p>\n
Sipas shifrave t\u00eb publikuara rreth 40 p\u00ebr qind u fondeve shpenzohen nga vet\u00eb Agjensia p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb mallra dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb paguar pagat. 20 p\u00ebr qind administrohet nga firmat dhe organizatat jofitimprur\u00ebse me baz\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA si Chemonics ose Fondacioni Sorros etj. Pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 30 p\u00ebr qind shkon drejt organizatave nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si Kombet e Bashkuara , Institucioneve t\u00eb tjera shum\u00ebpal\u00ebshe dhe OJQ-ve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Dhe vet\u00ebm 5% e pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb mbetur p\u00ebrfitohet nga organizatat jofitimprur\u00ebse, kryesisht me origjin\u00eb n\u00eb vendet p\u00ebrfituese.
\nPra “sekreti ” i p\u00ebrhapur me koh\u00eb tanim\u00eb n\u00eb Uashington, DC, \u00ebsht\u00eb se shumica e parave ndihm\u00ebs s\u00eb zhvillimit shkon tek nj\u00eb grusht kontraktuesish t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ose tek “kompleksi industrial i ndihm\u00ebs “, si\u00e7 e quan shefja aktuale e USAID-it, Samantha Power . Rreth 1% e ndihm\u00ebs dypal\u00ebshe shkon drejt p\u00ebr s\u00eb drejti n\u00eb komunitetet lokale t\u00eb vendeve n\u00eb zhvillim. <\/p>\n
Duke mos i ndihmuar efektivisht vendet t\u00eb arrinin vet-mjaftueshmerin\u00eb USAID-i dhe kompleksi industrial I ndihm\u00ebs jan\u00eb rritur s\u00eb bashku edhe kan\u00eb ekzistuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb gjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb librin “Shteti i ndihm\u00ebs” Jake Jonston jep shembuj t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj dinamike. P\u00ebr shembull n\u00eb Haiti, USAID-i u mb\u00ebshtet tek Chemonics p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar ndihm\u00ebn amerikane pas t\u00ebrmetit e 2010. Kjo u arrit p\u00ebrmes kontratave pa tenderim q\u00eb agjencia beri disa dit\u00eb pas urgjenc\u00ebs. D\u00ebshtimet e Chemonics filluan t\u00eb shfaqen p\u00ebrmes skandaleve t\u00eb shumta. Nj\u00eb prej tyre ishte zbatimi i programin \u201ccash-for-work\u201d t\u00eb USAID-it. Chemonics d\u00ebshtoi t\u00eb pun\u00ebsonte nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm haitian\u00ebsh . Por kjo nuk e pengoi USAID-in q\u00eb vet\u00ebm tre muaj pas skandalit, ti jepte Chemonics 53 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar 141 projekte t\u00eb reja n\u00eb Haiti. Pra p\u00ebrmes d\u00ebshtimeve t\u00eb tij kompleksi industrial i ndihm\u00ebs krijonte m\u00eb shum\u00eb pun\u00eb, duke i zgjatur jet\u00ebn edhe USAID-it, pasi nevojat nuk ishin plot\u00ebsuar .<\/p>\n
USAID-i ka pasur gjithmon\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjen bipartizane edhe t\u00eb Demokrat\u00ebve edhe Repulikan\u00ebve. Rrjeti i firmave, lobist\u00ebve, akademik\u00ebve q\u00eb financoheshin n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet USAID po ashtu siguronin mb\u00ebshtetjen politike p\u00ebr USAID-in .<\/p>\n
N\u00eb “Vizionin p\u00ebr Irakun pas konfliktit”, administrata e Bush p\u00ebrdori kontratat e USAID-it p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs n\u00eb Irak, edhe pse pushtimi i tij ishte t\u00eb gabuar. Dokumenti i strategjis\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte plane p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar sistemet e furnizimit me uj\u00eb t\u00eb Irakut, rrug\u00ebt, portet, spitalet dhe shkollat \u200b\u200bbrenda 18 muajve. USAID filloi t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb oferta me vler\u00eb deri n\u00eb 900 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb nga kompani t\u00eb parakualifikuara amerikane p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar rind\u00ebrtimin e vendit. T\u00eb vetmit ofrues t\u00eb parakualifikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb aplikuar p\u00ebr kontratat fitimprur\u00ebse t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtimit dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur k\u00ebrkesat e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb SHBA ishin amerikan\u00eb. K\u00ebto kompani amerikane p\u00ebrfshinin Bechtel Group, Fluor Corporation, Halliburton Co., Kellogg Brown & Root, Louis Berger Group dhe Parsons Corporation.
\n T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto kompani amerikane kishin lidhje t\u00eb ngushta me politikan\u00ebt q\u00eb planifikuan pushtimin . P\u00ebr shembull, Bechtel-i dhe punonj\u00ebsit e tij kontribuan me 1.3 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr kandidat\u00ebt republikane nga viti 1999 deri n\u00eb 2002.
\nUSAID m\u00eb von\u00eb i dha Bechtel-it 1.8 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb kontrata p\u00ebr infrastruktur\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar sistemet e uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb zeza, sistemet elektrike dhe rrjetit te furnizimit t\u00eb ujit n\u00eb Irak. N\u00eb fund, Bechtel u largua nga Iraku n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysm\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre projekteve dhe me 52 pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, shumica e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ishin irakian\u00eb. P\u00ebrdorimi i kontraktor\u00ebve amerikan\u00eb p\u00ebr rind\u00ebrtimin e Irakut pengoi suksesin dhe shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e rind\u00ebrtimit. Por efektet n\u00eb institucionet e Irakut ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme, pasi strategjia e USAID-it p\u00ebr t’ua transferuar rind\u00ebrtimin kompanive amerikane, i la kompanit\u00eb irakiane si v\u00ebzhgues pasiv\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Ky model operimi I zhvilluar nga lart posht\u00eb u paketua dhe u eksportua n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn. Ai ka formuar edhe ka pasuruar n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende ku USAID ka operuar sekte t\u00eb mbylluara lokale me interesa t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta te shk\u00ebputura nga interesat e komunitetit lokal edhe t\u00eb lidhura ngusht\u00ebsisht me interesat politike . Elitat e huaja dhe vendase, u fokusuan n\u00eb grumbullimin e fondeve t\u00eb duke ofruar nj\u00eb minimumin e sh\u00ebrbimeve p\u00ebr komunitetin, por mbi t\u00eb gjitha ofruan modelin nj\u00eb klime ku mungonte p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia, edhe q\u00eb ishte larg objektivit te zhvillimit.<\/p>\n
A duhej pezulluar USAID ashtu si\u00e7 u pezullua? Dhe m\u00eb tej akoma, a duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen?Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb i takon popullit amerikan dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb tij. Ata mund ta vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb dhe vendosin.<\/p>\n
Por uroj q\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt ta ken\u00eb kuptuar q\u00eb ndihma nuk t\u00eb nxjerr nga statusi i nevojtarit p\u00ebrkundrazi ! Qasja vet\u00ebmashtruese se zhvillimin , institucionet edhe demokracin\u00eb do na e sjellin e do te na garantoj\u00eb aleat\u00ebt duhet braktisur nj\u00eb her\u00eb e mir\u00eb !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
USAID-i u krijua n\u00eb vitet 1960 nga administrata Kennedy me dy q\u00ebllime qendrore. E para ishte t’i \u00e7onte vendet drejt vet\u00eb-mjaftueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, edhe e dyta ishte hapja e tregjeve dhe mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb biznesit p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb amerikane. Agjencia e zhvillimit shihej si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar “zemrat dhe mendjet” e njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb vendet n\u00eb zhvillim. Me […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86866,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-86865","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-te-tjera"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86865","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86865"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86865\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86867,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86865\/revisions\/86867"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86866"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86865"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86865"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86865"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}