Cilat jan\u00eb ato?<\/p>\n
Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt kan\u00eb identifikuar se kur dhe n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb sekuence shfaqen shenjat parashikuese t\u00eb Alzheimerit, pasi kan\u00eb ndjekur mij\u00ebra njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr 20 vjet. Biomarker\u00ebt e par\u00eb b\u00ebhen t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm qysh 18 vjet p\u00ebrpara diagnoz\u00ebs, shpesh t\u00eb lidhur me humbjen e kujtes\u00ebs dhe mosfunksionime t\u00eb tjera njoh\u00ebse. K\u00ebtu po shkruajme shenjat biologjike t\u00eb demenc\u00ebs dhe kur ato shfaqen.<\/p>\n
Shenjat e para t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes s\u00eb Alzheimerit mund t\u00eb zbulohen pothuajse 20 vjet p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shfaqen simptomat karakteristike t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes neurodegjenerative, si humbja e kujtes\u00ebs, v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb folur dhe disfunksione t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb lidhura me r\u00ebnien njoh\u00ebse.<\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb ri t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb The New England Journal of Medicine, ndryshimi n\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e disa proteinave (pllakat beta amiloide dhe ngat\u00ebrresat e proteinave tau) dhe ndryshimet n\u00eb indet e trurit shfaqen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sekuenciale dhe n\u00eb faza t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara, derisa \u00e7on n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje patologjike. \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kujtojm\u00eb se akumulimi i beta amiloidit, megjith\u00ebse konsiderohet nd\u00ebr shenjat kryesore q\u00eb lidhen me Alzheimer, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i pranish\u00ebm tek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb personat e prekur nga kjo s\u00ebmundje.<\/p>\n
Prirja e shenjave biologjike t\u00eb demenc\u00ebs ishte e njohur prej disa koh\u00ebsh p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb formave trash\u00ebgimore t\u00eb patologjis\u00eb, e cila mund t\u00eb shfaqet edhe n\u00eb mosh\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb hershme (dihet rasti i nj\u00eb djali 19-vje\u00e7ar), megjithat\u00eb. n\u00eb saj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur edhe progresi i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm i biomarker\u00ebve t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes Alzheimer n\u00eb form\u00ebn e tij sporadike, m\u00eb e p\u00ebrhapura. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs pasi t\u00eb kuptuarit e sinjaleve parashikuese t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes, t\u00eb cilat manifestohen n\u00eb intervalin midis gjendjeve njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetshme dhe t\u00eb komprometuara, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht i vlefsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr diagnostikimin e hersh\u00ebm dhe, rrjedhimisht, efektivitetin e terapive. Disa barna t\u00eb miratuara dhe t\u00eb testuara kund\u00ebr Alzheimerit, p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ofrojn\u00eb rezultatet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira kur s\u00ebmundja luftohet n\u00eb fazat fillestare.<\/p>\n
Sekuenca e gjat\u00eb e sinjaleve t\u00eb Alzheimerit p\u00ebrpara fillimit t\u00eb simptomave diagnostike u zbulua nga nj\u00eb ekip k\u00ebrkimor kinez i udh\u00ebhequr nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nga Qendra e Inovacionit p\u00ebr \u00c7rregullime Neurologjike – Departamenti i Neurologjis\u00eb i Spitalit Xuanwu, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt bashk\u00ebpunuan ngusht\u00eb me koleg\u00eb nga institucione t\u00eb shumta. N\u00eb mesin e t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebve jan\u00eb Qendra e S\u00ebmundjeve Alzheimer – Instituti i Pekinit p\u00ebr \u00c7rregullimet e trurit; Spitali Anding dhe Departamenti i Psikiatris\u00eb i Spitalit Popullor Provincial Zhejiang. Studiuesit, t\u00eb koordinuar nga Profesor Jianping Jia, kryen nj\u00eb studim shum\u00ebqendror t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb rasteve me mij\u00ebra pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb Studimin e Njohjes dhe Plakjes n\u00eb Kin\u00eb (COAST) t\u00eb kryer midis janarit 2000 dhe dhjetorit 2020. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb kohore, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vullnetar\u00ebve i jan\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruar nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb testesh t\u00eb rregullta (\u00e7do dy deri n\u00eb tre vjet), duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb testet e l\u00ebngut cerebrospinal (CSF), skanimet e trurit dhe vler\u00ebsimin e funksionit kognitiv p\u00ebrmes testeve t\u00eb standardizuara t\u00eb tilla si Klasifikimi i demences Klinike-.<\/p>\n
Pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit ishin burra dhe gra t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme dhe t\u00eb moshuar (mosha mesatare 61 vje\u00e7, 50.6 p\u00ebrqind meshkuj) t\u00eb cil\u00ebt t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kishin status normal njoh\u00ebs n\u00eb fillim. Studiuesit krahasuan dhe krahasuan rastet e 648 individ\u00ebve q\u00eb mbanin njohje t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetshme (grupi i kontrollit) me 648 persona t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb ndjekjes q\u00eb zgjati sakt\u00ebsisht 19.9 vjet, u s\u00ebmur\u00ebn me Alzheimer. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, duke analizuar dhe kombinuar rezultatet e testeve t\u00eb kryera n\u00eb intervale t\u00eb rregullta, u arrit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohej se n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb kohe dhe n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre manifestoheshin biomarker\u00ebt e neurodegjenerimit, deri n\u00eb fillimin e r\u00ebnies njoh\u00ebse dhe diagnoz\u00ebn e demenc\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Sinjali m\u00eb i hersh\u00ebm q\u00eb u shfaq ishte nj\u00eb rritje n\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e protein\u00ebs beta-amiloide 42 n\u00eb l\u00ebngun cerebrospinal (ose cerebrospinal), tashm\u00eb i dalluesh\u00ebm 18 vjet p\u00ebrpara diagnoz\u00ebs s\u00eb Alzheimerit. Megjithat\u00eb, 14 vjet pas diagnoz\u00ebs, u zbulua nj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb raportin midis beta-amiloidit 42 dhe beta-amioidit 40, dy forma t\u00eb proteinave “ngjit\u00ebse”, akumulimi i t\u00eb cilave n\u00eb sistemin nervor zakonisht shoq\u00ebrohet me neurodegjenerim. N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 11 vje\u00e7are, studiuesit vun\u00eb re nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb protein\u00ebs tau 181 t\u00eb fosforiluar n\u00eb grupin e Alzheimerit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb 10 vjet rritja kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte me tau n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi. N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 9-vje\u00e7are, u zbuluan shenjat e para t\u00eb d\u00ebmtimit neuronal, t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara nga prania e zinxhirit t\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb neurofilamentit (NfL) n\u00eb l\u00ebngun cerebrospinal, i cili prek ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht aksonet. N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 8-vje\u00e7are, imazhet e rezonanc\u00ebs magnetike treguan atrofin\u00eb e hipokampusit, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e trurit t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb njohjen, n\u00eb grupin e Alzheimerit. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, 6 vjet pas diagnoz\u00ebs, r\u00ebnia kognitive ishte e dukshme p\u00ebrmes testeve t\u00eb standardizuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar demenc\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrve\u00e7 zbulimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij progresi interesant, profesor Jia dhe koleg\u00ebt p\u00ebrcaktuan se n\u00eb grupin e Alzheimerit kishte nj\u00eb probabilitet m\u00eb t\u00eb madh (37.2 p\u00ebrqind kundrejt 20.4 p\u00ebrqind n\u00eb grupin e kontrollit) p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb bart\u00ebs t\u00eb nj\u00eb varianti gjenetik t\u00eb quajtur APOE4. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat konfirmojn\u00eb lidhjen q\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn midis k\u00ebtij varianti t\u00eb gjenit – i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb metabolizmin dhe transportin e lipideve n\u00eb tru – dhe form\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur t\u00eb demenc\u00ebs n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Njohja e tendenc\u00ebs kohore t\u00eb biomarker\u00ebve t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes Alzheimer dhe rolit t\u00eb gjenetik\u00ebs mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb parandalimin dhe luftimin e patologjis\u00eb, e cila deri m\u00eb sot, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga Organizata Bot\u00ebrore e Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb (OBSH), prek mbi 40 milion\u00eb njer\u00ebz (shif\u00ebr pritet t\u00eb trefishohet deri n\u00eb vitin 2050). Detajet e hulumtimit “Ndryshimet e biomarker\u00ebve gjat\u00eb 20 viteve para s\u00ebmundjes s\u00eb Alzheimerit” u publikuan n\u00eb revist\u00ebn prestigjioze shkencore The New England Journal of Medicine, e konsideruar si m\u00eb autoritarja n\u00eb fush\u00ebn mjek\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n
Nga Dr. Alket Koroshi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cilat jan\u00eb ato? Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt kan\u00eb identifikuar se kur dhe n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb sekuence shfaqen shenjat parashikuese t\u00eb Alzheimerit, pasi kan\u00eb ndjekur mij\u00ebra njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr 20 vjet. Biomarker\u00ebt e par\u00eb b\u00ebhen t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm qysh 18 vjet p\u00ebrpara diagnoz\u00ebs, shpesh t\u00eb lidhur me humbjen e kujtes\u00ebs dhe mosfunksionime t\u00eb tjera njoh\u00ebse. K\u00ebtu po shkruajme shenjat biologjike t\u00eb demenc\u00ebs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-78961","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-te-tjera"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78961","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78961"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78961\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78964,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78961\/revisions\/78964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78961"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78961"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78961"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}