Entuziazmi 10-vje\u00e7ar i zbulimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs n\u00eb Shpirag arriti kulmin dit\u00ebt e fundit, kur kryeministri Edi Rama njoftoi se shpimi n\u00eb Shpirag, ka arritur n\u00eb 6002 metra n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb tok\u00ebs, duke prekur nj\u00eb rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nafte.<\/p>\n
\u201cRezerva \u00ebsht\u00eb aty, n\u00eb 6002 metra n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb tok\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb prekur rezerva pas nj\u00eb eksplorimi shum\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb investimi masiv t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb thyerjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur t\u00eb sondave, si rezultat i formacionit gjeologjik.<\/p>\n
Ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb cekur uji, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn rezerv\u00ebn, \u00e7ka prezumon q\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e rezerv\u00ebs mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e madhe. Nuk flasim dot p\u00ebr shifra konkrete.<\/p>\n
Informacionet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb jan\u00eb jo vet\u00ebn konfidenciale, por pa marr\u00eb rezultatin e testit final q\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton n\u00ebse nxjerrja e k\u00ebsaj pasurie \u00ebsht\u00eb e arsyeshme nga pik\u00ebpamja financiare\u201d, tha kryeministri.<\/p>\n
Rama paralajm\u00ebroi p\u00ebrfitimet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr vendin dhe krijimin e nj\u00eb fondi sovran, fond investimesh q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb ardhurave i vendos p\u00ebr t\u00eb shum\u00ebfishuar n\u00eb tregun nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n
Por, sa duhet t\u00eb g\u00ebzohemi dhe sa t\u00eb shpejta do t\u00eb jen\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet, n\u00ebse realisht do t\u00eb zbulohen rezerva t\u00eb m\u00ebdha naft\u00eb n\u00eb Shpirag.<\/p>\n
\u201cMonitor\u201d bisedoi me nj\u00eb inxhinier me p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e naft\u00ebs, i cili shpjegoi me holl\u00ebsi si funksionon procesi, sa leverdi ka nxjerrja e naft\u00ebs nga nj\u00eb terren i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, sa mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet dhe kur mund t\u00eb merren ato.<\/p>\n
A ka naft\u00eb?!<\/p>\n
Ekspert\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se nga pik\u00ebpamja inxhinierike, Berati \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb burim kompleks dhe i hulumtuar m\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e komunizmit, Jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb eksperimente dhe studime sizmike dhe vler\u00ebsohet se ka naft\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e past\u00ebr, po ka kosto t\u00eb lart\u00eb nxjerrje.<\/p>\n
Por, ende nuk dihet se sa \u00ebsht\u00eb potenciali real i rezervave dhe prodhimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs n\u00eb Shpirag, pasi vet\u00ebm kur t\u00eb kalohet n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e testimit do t\u00eb dihet se sa \u00ebsht\u00eb ai realisht. Aktualisht procesi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb faz\u00eb eksplorimi dhe kjo faz\u00eb mbaron dit\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn puset hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb prodhim, jo n\u00eb testim. Nj\u00eb pus n\u00eb testim nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pus n\u00eb prodhim.<\/p>\n
Kryeministri Rama tha n\u00eb daljen publike se testi do nis\u00eb n\u00eb tetor dhe rezultatet bazohen n\u00eb ndjekjen e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb fluksit q\u00eb del mbi sip\u00ebrfaqe.<\/p>\n
Kompanit\u00eb, n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb mbaron faza e eksplorimit dhe dallojn\u00eb q\u00eb ka rezervuar, fillojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb masive shpimet e puseve. N\u00ebse Shell do zbuloj\u00eb vendburime mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb 5 apo 6 sonda. Do t\u00eb jet\u00eb testimi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb ai q\u00eb do t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka. Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se edhe pas k\u00ebtij testimi ata duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb shpim tjet\u00ebr, para se t\u00eb jepen konkluzionet \u00eb t\u00eb sakta.<\/p>\n
Rezervat jan\u00eb n\u00eb tre lloje, t\u00eb ashtuquajtura 3P, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton sasin\u00eb totale t\u00eb rezervave q\u00eb nj\u00eb kompani vler\u00ebson se ka akses, e llogaritur si shuma e t\u00eb gjitha rezervave t\u00eb provuara dhe t\u00eb paprovuara (3P -proven, probable, and possible reserves; t\u00eb provuara, me probabilitet dhe t\u00eb mundshme) .<\/p>\n
Pra, nga pik\u00ebpamja gjeologjike duhet q\u00eb procesi t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb faz\u00eb testimi dhe vet\u00ebm m\u00eb pas do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet sa \u00ebsht\u00eb potenciali real.<\/p>\n
Naft\u00eb e past\u00ebr, por kostot rriten n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksponenciale p\u00ebr nxjerrjen e saj<\/p>\n
Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se nga pik\u00ebpamja e l\u00ebvizshm\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb Shpirag, presupozohet q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb burim i mir\u00eb i l\u00ebvizshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb naft\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb nga cil\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb e ngjashme me naft\u00ebn e hedhur n\u00eb makina.<\/p>\n
Por dhe kostot e nxjerrjes s\u00eb saj jan\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
Sa m\u00eb thell\u00eb q\u00eb zhytesh n\u00eb nj\u00eb vendburim, aq m\u00eb e mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb cil\u00ebsia e naft\u00ebs, por nga ana tjet\u00ebr rritet niveli i aromatik\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebrmbajtja e h2s, (Hydrogen Sulfide- nj\u00eb gaz q\u00eb gjendet zakonisht gjat\u00eb shpimit dhe prodhimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs bruto dhe gazit natyror). K\u00ebto jan\u00eb dy probleme q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me nxjerrjen e naft\u00ebs nga sip\u00ebrfaqe t\u00eb thella, q\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb stabilimenti sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsor q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb flukse t\u00eb larta t\u00eb h2s.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb \u00e7do vend q\u00eb t\u00eb shposh, sa m\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb zbres\u00ebsh , aq m\u00eb i lart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb niveli i h2s, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nxirret i ashtuquajturi prodhim i hidhur (sour production), q\u00eb kjo naft\u00eb e p\u00ebrmban n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb larta (m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 4 ppmv).<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem, q\u00eb rrit ndjesh\u00ebm kostot e prodhimit \u00ebsht\u00eb thell\u00ebsia e puseve q\u00eb do t\u00eb shpohen. Shtimi i nj\u00eb pusi 5-6 mij\u00eb metra ka kosto ekstreme.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr krahasim, shpimi i nj\u00eb pusi n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e Patos Marinz\u00ebs, \u2013 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fusha m\u00eb e madhe naft\u00ebmbajt\u00ebse n\u00eb vend dhe aktualisht shfryt\u00ebzohet me koncesion nga Bankers Petroleum \u2013 ka nj\u00eb kosto prej 1-1.5 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb thell\u00ebsi pusi deri n\u00eb 1500 metra. Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se me rritjen e thell\u00ebsis\u00eb rritet kosto n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksponeciale, duke arritur deri n\u00eb 80 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Koh\u00ebzgjatja e hapjes s\u00eb tij shkon n\u00eb 6 muaj dhe faza e testimit shkon n\u00eb 6 muaj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, pra do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb vit, q\u00eb t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb proces prodhimi t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Mir\u00ebmbajtja e puseve \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr proces me kosto t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kolonat, fillimisht p\u00ebr shpimin dhe m\u00eb pas p\u00ebr nxjerrjen jan\u00eb 6 mij\u00eb metra dhe d\u00ebmtimet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebsojn\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndjeshme.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr nj\u00eb pus prej 1500 metrash kosto arrin n\u00eb 30-40 mij\u00eb dollar\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr 6 mij\u00eb metra, kosto \u00ebsht\u00eb 10 her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse fillon prodhimi\u2026.<\/p>\n
Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nga vet\u00eb kompania, n\u00ebse fillon procesi i prodhimit, nga nj\u00eb pus mund t\u00eb nxirret 2-3 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i naft\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb. Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se ky konsiderohet nj\u00eb nivel i mir\u00eb prodhimi.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr krahasim, Bankers Petroleum prodhon rreth 9 mij\u00eb fuqi me m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa 300 puse aktiv\u00eb, q\u00eb jan\u00eb rreth 1500-2000 metra t\u00eb thell\u00eb. Nafta e nxjerr\u00eb nga Bankers \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr sip\u00ebrfaqes.<\/p>\n
Ndon\u00ebse prodhimi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pus \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme, ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Faza e par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e fontanimit natyror, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb faz\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nuk ulen pompa, por p\u00ebr shkak se presioni i shtres\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i lart\u00eb, kjo b\u00ebn shtyrjen e naft\u00ebs nga n\u00ebntoka drejt sip\u00ebrfaqes, q\u00eb vazhdon 1-2 vjet n\u00ebse zbulohet rezervuari.<\/p>\n
E dyta \u00ebsht\u00eb faza me pompa, teksa pasi bie energjia e shtres\u00ebs, q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb ekstraktimin, duhet t\u00eb ul\u00ebn pompa q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nxjerrjen e naft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se ka dhe nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem. Vendburimi i Shpiragut \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb eksplorim dhe nj\u00eb pus i vet\u00ebm nuk mjafton q\u00eb t\u00eb evidentoj\u00eb n\u00ebse kemi rezervuar. Matematikisht duhen t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 3 pika q\u00eb t\u00eb formosh nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, n\u00ebse nuk ke tre pika nuk mund t\u00eb thuash q\u00eb ke nj\u00eb rezervuar. Q\u00eb t\u00eb kesh tre pika kjo n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kesh tre puse. Teknikisht Shell e ka shpuar nj\u00eb pus m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe n\u00ebse do jap\u00eb prodhim, ky do jet\u00eb i dyti. Praktikisht duhet shpuar dhe nj\u00eb pus i tret\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb formohet sip\u00ebrfaqja. N\u00ebse i gjejn\u00eb k\u00ebto tre konture mund t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb ide m\u00eb e qart\u00eb p\u00ebr potencialet e rezerv\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse kalohet n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e prodhimit, nj\u00eb proces tjet\u00ebr i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb transporti. Berati nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm, nga ana gjeografike dhe praktikisht menduar p\u00ebr linj\u00ebn e transportimit nga Berati n\u00eb portet n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb ose Durr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se teknikisht \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb do t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb p\u00ebr vite t\u00eb t\u00ebra nga pik\u00ebpamja teknike dhe mund t\u00eb duhen 5-10 vite, gjithnj\u00eb n\u00ebse zbulohet naft\u00eb dhe ajo ka leverdi t\u00eb nxirret.<\/p>\n
A ka leverdi?!<\/p>\n
Kostot e prodhimit, si\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend dhe m\u00eb lart jan\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Hapja e nj\u00eb pusi kushton 80 mln dollar\u00eb. N\u00ebse vler\u00ebsohet q\u00eb nj\u00eb pus prodhon 2 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i naft\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb, me \u00e7mimin aktual t\u00eb treguesit referenc\u00eb Brent q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 80 dollar\u00eb\/fu\u00e7i, teknikisht do t\u00eb duhet nj\u00eb vit q\u00eb t\u00eb mbulohen vet\u00ebm kosto e shpimit t\u00eb pusit, pa llogaritur kosto t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Pra p\u00ebr \u00e7do pus q\u00eb vihet n\u00eb pun\u00eb dhe q\u00eb prodhon aq sa pretendohet, viti i par\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb kostot e shpimit, plus kosto t\u00eb tjera personeli, tubacioni, depo, q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb mbi 100 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Si rrjedhoj\u00eb, shlyerja me nj\u00eb prodhim 2 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i n\u00eb dit\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb kohore prej 1.5 vitesh, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se p\u00ebr 1.5 vit prodhohen zero lek\u00eb, sepse t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto para shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar kostot.<\/p>\n
Gjithsesi, n\u00ebse zbulohen rezerva nafte, kompania mund t\u00eb gjeneroj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb larta p\u00ebrmes hapjes s\u00eb puseve t\u00eb reja. N\u00ebse prodhimi arrin p.sh prodhimi n\u00eb 30 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i n\u00eb dit\u00eb, kompania mund t\u00eb gjeneroj\u00eb 2.4 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb, mbi 700 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n
Inxhinier\u00ebt shpjegojn\u00eb se mund\u00ebsia ekziston, \u00e7\u00ebshtja \u00ebsht\u00eb a ka apo nuk ka vendburim nafte dhe p\u00ebrgjigja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb, pa u kryer testimi.<\/p>\n
Shitja ka sfid\u00eb edhe transportin e naft\u00ebs. N\u00ebse zbulohet, faza tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e nd\u00ebrtimi t\u00eb tubacioneve drejt Petrolifera n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb, ose Porto Romanos n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, q\u00eb ka kosto shtes\u00eb.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr krahasim Bankers Petroleum e transporton naft\u00ebn me tubacion n\u00ebntok\u00eb q\u00eb i mbledh me pika grumbullimi n\u00ebp\u00ebr fush\u00eb sipas parametrave t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar dhe e d\u00ebrgon n\u00eb nj\u00ebsin\u00eb qendrore t\u00eb grumbullimit \u201cFier Hub\u201d dhe nga aty transportohet n\u00eb portin e Petrolifera n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb p\u00ebrmes trenit. M\u00eb p\u00ebrpara nafta transportohej me bote po n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Konkluzioni: Lajm i mir\u00eb, por mos prisni mrekulli dhe as p\u00ebrfitime t\u00eb shpejta<\/p>\n
-N\u00ebse ka naft\u00eb n\u00eb Shpirag, ky padyshim q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb lajm shum\u00eb i mir\u00eb;<\/p>\n
-Edhe n\u00ebse ka naft\u00eb, procesi i shfryt\u00ebzimit do t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb i gjat\u00eb. Do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb marrim frytet e para;<\/p>\n
-Nafta \u00ebsht\u00eb e past\u00ebr, por kosto e nxjerrjes s\u00eb saj, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb thell\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr e lart\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb disa vite;<\/p>\n
-Gjithsesi, n\u00ebse zbulohen rezerva, kompania mund t\u00eb veproj\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi duke hapur shum\u00eb puse nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh, \u00e7ka do t\u00eb rris\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ardhurat e gjeneruara, nj\u00eb pus vler\u00ebsohet se nxjerr 2-3 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i naft\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb;<\/p>\n
-Pas nxjerrjes s\u00eb naft\u00ebs nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem \u00ebsht\u00eb transporti i saj. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pozicionimit gjeografik t\u00eb Beratit, kompania do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb rrjetin e shp\u00ebrndarjes p\u00ebr n\u00eb portin e Petrolifer\u00ebs n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb, ose Porto Romanon n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs.\/O.Liperi. Monitor.Al<\/p>\n