Hynek Pallas
\nAskush nuk vajtoi gjat\u00eb fishekzjarreve n\u00eb ur\u00ebn e Charles n\u00eb nat\u00ebn e Vitit t\u00eb Ri 1993. As nj\u00eb divorc dhe funeral i kombinuar nuk mund t\u00eb prishin optimizmin e viteve 1990. \u00c7ekosllovakia jetoi vet\u00ebm 74 vjet, por goditja vdekjeprur\u00ebse ishte e nj\u00ebjta er\u00eb lirie n\u00eb kadife q\u00eb fshiu nj\u00eb perde t\u00eb hekurt. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fN\u00eb drit\u00ebn e ngjarjeve n\u00eb Ballkan, divorci u pa edhe si nj\u00eb m\u00ebsim p\u00ebr nacionalizmin progresiv.<\/p>\n
30 vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb ngurrimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur \u00c7ekosllovakin\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar, ka nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr m\u00ebsim p\u00ebr Evrop\u00ebn – ku beteja \u00ebsht\u00eb tani midis forcave etno-komb\u00ebtare dhe luft\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb federat\u00ebs multikulturore. <\/p>\n
Sigurisht q\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb “\u00e7ift i pashoq” – t\u00eb huazosh titullin e nj\u00eb libri p\u00ebr vendet e ish-ambasadorit Ingmar Karlsson – t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u bashkuan n\u00eb hart\u00ebn e fuqive fitimtare pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. <\/p>\n
Sllovakia e varf\u00ebr, rurale duhej t\u00eb varej nga Republika \u00c7eke e industrializuar, e cila loboi t\u00eb dilte nga Austro-Hungaria. Por aty ku \u00e7ek\u00ebt kishin besim komb\u00ebtar, me nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb qart\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u mb\u00ebshtetur, sllovak\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin t\u00eb tyren me zell pas vitit 1918 \u2013 jo m\u00eb pak n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me \u00e7ek\u00ebt. <\/p>\n
“\u00c7ekosllovakizmi”, si\u00e7 quhej ideologjia e vendit t\u00eb ri, sigurisht q\u00eb pati adhurues n\u00eb t\u00eb dy rajonet gjat\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb demokratike t\u00eb idealizuar \u00e7eke (1918-1938). Por kushdo q\u00eb viziton qytetet sllovake sot dhe p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb lagjet e njohura si Praga e Vog\u00ebl \u2013 e nd\u00ebrtuar p\u00ebr zyrtar\u00ebt \u00e7ek\u00eb q\u00eb sundonin k\u00ebt\u00eb uj\u00ebra t\u00eb pasme \u2013 e kupton pse sllovak\u00ebt nuk e shihnin at\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi do t\u00eb kishin nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim fatkeq: n\u00eb vitin 1938, ato u shfryt\u00ebzuan nga rrymat fashiste q\u00eb shpall\u00ebn autonomin\u00eb dhe e shnd\u00ebrruan Sllovakin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet vasal gjerman nazist. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fN\u00eb vitin 1990, \u00e7ek\u00ebt e konsideronin veten se kishin humbur m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sllovak\u00ebt nga komunizmi.
\nSot, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e pranuar q\u00eb komunizmi e shtypi nacionalizmin dhe se ai u kthye n\u00eb vitin 1990. Por regjimet e pasluft\u00ebs \u2013 stalinizmi, socializmi me fytyr\u00eb njer\u00ebzore dhe normalizimi \u2013 luajt\u00ebn mbi ndjenjat komb\u00ebtare. <\/p>\n
As \u00e7ek\u00ebt dhe as sllovak\u00ebt nuk u detyruan t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me rolin e tyre n\u00eb abuzimet e viteve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs \u2013 p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht gjenocidin e rom\u00ebve dhe hebrenjve, dhe d\u00ebbimin e tre milion\u00eb gjerman\u00ebve nga \u00e7ek\u00ebt pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fSllovak\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjetme e konsideronin veten t\u00eb anashkaluar, tani u b\u00ebn\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs komunist\u00eb. Federata e vitit 1969, e cila barazoi pushtetin midis Prag\u00ebs dhe Bratislav\u00ebs, i b\u00ebri sllovak\u00ebt m\u00eb pak kritik\u00eb ndaj pushtimit. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, komunist\u00ebt industrializuan pjes\u00ebn sllovake t\u00eb vendit.
\nP\u00ebrqindja e disident\u00ebve ishte m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt, dhe edhe sot nj\u00eb pakic\u00eb sllovake e konsiderojn\u00eb Revolucionin Kadife si di\u00e7ka pozitive. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fN\u00eb vitin 1990, \u00e7ek\u00ebt e konsideronin veten se kishin humbur m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sllovak\u00ebt nga komunizmi.
\nNd\u00ebr t\u00eb pakt\u00ebt z\u00ebra q\u00eb vajtuan hapur \u00c7ekosllovakin\u00eb n\u00eb 1993 ishte ish disidenti Petr Uhl . Uhl, i cili u burgos gjat\u00eb viteve komuniste, besonte se federata mund t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb mburoj\u00eb kund\u00ebr nacionalizmit etnik dhe privatizimeve t\u00eb pakontrolluara. Ai foli n\u00eb vesh t\u00eb shurdh\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb er\u00ebrat separatiste q\u00eb po frynin, ndjenjat nacionaliste u b\u00ebn\u00eb vendimtare. Ngjarjet dukeshin t\u00eb natyrshme, por ishin n\u00eb duart e politikan\u00ebve t\u00eb l\u00ebmuar. <\/p>\n
V\u00e1clav Havel \u2013 t\u00eb cilit iu hodh\u00ebn vez\u00eb n\u00eb Bratislav\u00eb n\u00eb 1991 \u2013 ishte nj\u00eb president i shk\u00eblqyer simbolik, por i papjekur p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn politike q\u00eb ishte k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur vendin t\u00eb bashkuar. Divorci u krye, pa referendum, nga dy burra, trash\u00ebgimia e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve sot karakterizon Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa humanizmin e Havelit. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fKryeministri \u00e7ek konservator i krahut t\u00eb djatht\u00eb V\u00e1clav Klaus drejtoi nj\u00eb antisocializ\u00ebm t\u00eb hapur dhe privatizim t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte vjedhjen e aseteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta.
\n\u25aa\ufe0fHomologu sllovak Vladim\u00edr Me\u00e7iar premtoi se industrit\u00eb do t\u00eb mbeteshin kryesisht n\u00eb pron\u00ebsi t\u00eb shtetit dhe nuk ishte i interesuar t\u00eb fshihej gjat\u00eb viteve komuniste \u2013 ai krijoi nj\u00eb regjim etno-nacionalist, autoritar dhe t\u00eb korruptuar. <\/p>\n
Jeta \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e mir\u00eb se 1989.
\nN\u00eb vend t\u00eb procesit t\u00eb demokratizimit t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb vlera dhe material q\u00eb ishte i nevojsh\u00ebm, u hodh terreni p\u00ebr populiz\u00ebm. Rolet e viktimave etnike u b\u00ebn\u00eb dogm\u00eb komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn \u00c7eke dhe Sllovaki (ashtu si n\u00eb Hungari dhe Poloni). Sigurisht q\u00eb Marr\u00ebveshja e Mynihut e vitit 1938, kur \u00e7ek\u00ebt iu hodh\u00ebn Hitlerit , ishte nj\u00eb turp p\u00ebr Per\u00ebndimin.
\n\u25aa\ufe0fPor mosgatishm\u00ebria e \u00e7ek\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr abuzimet e tyre si dhe p\u00ebr komunizmin ishte e rrezikshme.
\n\u25aa\ufe0fAshtu si paaft\u00ebsia e sllovak\u00ebve p\u00ebr t’u lidhur me shtetin fashist. Nj\u00eb regjim antisemitik q\u00eb pagoi Gjermanin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebbuar hebrenjt\u00eb \u2013 por i lavd\u00ebruar si nj\u00eb manifestim i pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb sllovake.
\nPik\u00ebpamja bardh e zi e historis\u00eb ka krijuar boshll\u00ebqe n\u00eb kujtes\u00eb dhe raciz\u00ebm \u2013 u desh\u00ebn 30 vjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr nj\u00eb fabrik\u00eb derrash \u00e7eke nga vendi i nj\u00eb kampi p\u00ebrqendrimi rom \u2013 si dhe pik\u00ebpamje p\u00ebrjashtuese t\u00eb shtet\u00ebsis\u00eb. <\/p>\n
\u25aa\ufe0fJeta \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e mir\u00eb se n\u00eb vitin 1989, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Prag\u00eb dhe Bratislav\u00eb.
\nPor nuk mund t\u00eb mbyllet nj\u00eb sy ndaj pabarazive t\u00eb r\u00ebnda midis rajoneve, ndaj situat\u00ebs s\u00eb minoriteteve, korrupsionit dhe besimit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt shoq\u00ebror. Qeveria e Sllovakis\u00eb u votua jasht\u00eb jav\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb vot\u00eb mosbesimi dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjedhje larg q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet Orbanistani i ardhsh\u00ebm i BE-s\u00eb. Nj\u00eb oligark \u00e7ek, i cili deri vitin e kaluar ishte kryeminist\u00ebr, mund t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb zgjedhjet presidenciale \u00e7eke n\u00eb janar.
\nN\u00eb optimizmin progresiv q\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1990 injoroi rreziqet q\u00eb ziejn\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e pasigurt n\u00ebse nj\u00eb \u00c7ekosllovaki e mbajtur do t\u00eb kishte ndryshuar di\u00e7ka. Por n\u00ebse Europa d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb festoj\u00eb demokracin\u00eb dhe lirin\u00eb me fishekzjarre edhe n\u00eb 30 vjet – at\u00ebher\u00eb ne duhet t\u00eb m\u00ebsojm\u00eb nga gabimet.
\nHynek Pallas \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shkrimtar, kritik dhe punonj\u00ebs n\u00eb faqen e kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb Expressen.<\/p>\n
Nga Diaspora Shqiptare n\u00eb Sudei<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hynek Pallas Askush nuk vajtoi gjat\u00eb fishekzjarreve n\u00eb ur\u00ebn e Charles n\u00eb nat\u00ebn e Vitit t\u00eb Ri 1993. As nj\u00eb divorc dhe funeral i kombinuar nuk mund t\u00eb prishin optimizmin e viteve 1990. \u00c7ekosllovakia jetoi vet\u00ebm 74 vjet, por goditja vdekjeprur\u00ebse ishte e nj\u00ebjta er\u00eb lirie n\u00eb kadife q\u00eb fshiu nj\u00eb perde t\u00eb hekurt. \u25aa\ufe0fN\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":35179,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-35178","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-te-tjera"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35178"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35180,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35178\/revisions\/35180"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}