{"id":19867,"date":"2022-09-19T09:25:59","date_gmt":"2022-09-19T09:25:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/?p=19867"},"modified":"2022-09-19T09:25:59","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T09:25:59","slug":"nuhatja-dhe-kujtesa-perse-ererat-ngjallin-kujtime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/2022\/09\/19\/nuhatja-dhe-kujtesa-perse-ererat-ngjallin-kujtime\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuhatja dhe Kujtesa – P\u00ebrse er\u00ebrat ngjallin kujtime"},"content":{"rendered":"

Disa aroma zgjojn\u00eb kujtime dhe shkaktojn\u00eb emocione t\u00eb forta. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb tru – dhe si mjek\u00ebt dhe sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit p\u00ebrpiqen t`i p\u00ebrdorin k\u00ebto njohuri.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb at\u00eb moment, kur Swan ndjeu arom\u00ebn e biskotave madeleine t\u00eb sapopjekura dhe \u00e7ajit t\u00eb luleblirit, u drodh i hipnotizuar nga di\u00e7ka e pazakont\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodhte me t\u00eb. At\u00eb e p\u00ebrshkoi nj\u00eb lumturi e pad\u00ebgjuar, q\u00eb nuk lidhej me ndonj\u00eb arsye. (…) Dhe pastaj iu shfaq menj\u00ebher\u00eb kujtimi. Ishte shija e biskot\u00ebs, q\u00eb tezja e tij L\u00e9onie i jepte t\u00eb diel\u00ebn n\u00eb m\u00ebngjes, pasi e zhyste m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7aj.”
\nK\u00ebto rreshta i shkroi shkrimtari francez Marsel Proust n\u00eb romanin e tij “N\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb humbur” n\u00eb vitin 1910. Proust shprehte k\u00ebshtu at\u00eb q\u00eb u ndodh shum\u00eb njer\u00ebzve: Nj\u00eb arom\u00eb t\u00eb ringjall kujtimin e nj\u00eb ngjarjeje, q\u00eb ka ndodhur shum\u00eb larg n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Ky fenomen quhet prej koh\u00ebsh “efekti Proust\u201d apo edhe “efekti Madeleine\u201d.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit e trurit n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb efektit Proust<\/p>\n

Po pse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu? Pse truri nxjerr papritur kujtime pothuajse t\u00eb harruara dhe emocione t\u00eb forta kur ne perceptojm\u00eb disa aroma? \u00c7do stimul potencialisht mund t\u00eb ngjall\u00eb nj\u00eb kujtim apo nj\u00eb emocion\u201d, thot\u00eb Christina Bermeitinger, psikologe dhe profesore n\u00eb Universitetin e Hildesheim. “Kjo nuk vlen vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr aromat”. Nj\u00eb tingull specifik apo nj\u00eb shije mund t\u00eb risjell\u00eb kujtime.<\/p>\n

E megjithat\u00eb studimet shkencore tregojn\u00eb se nuhatja ve\u00e7ohet nga shqisat e tjera. \u00cbsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar se kujtimet e shkaktuara nga aromat t\u00eb kthejn\u00eb shum\u00eb prapa n\u00eb koh\u00eb, jan\u00eb m\u00eb intensive dhe shpesh m\u00eb pozitive. Nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim brenda trurit jep t\u00eb dh\u00ebna se pse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu.<\/p>\n

Emocionet dhe aromat jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura ngusht\u00eb me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn n\u00eb tru<\/p>\n

Perceptimi primar i nuhatjes n\u00eb tru ndodhet pran\u00eb amigdal\u00ebs\u201d, shpjegon Bermeitinger. Ajo ndodhet n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e poshtme t\u00eb trurit dhe quhet edhe far\u00eb e bajames p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb form\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ovale. “Ky areal \u00ebsht\u00eb me pak fjal\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr emocionet\u201d, thot\u00eb psikologia.<\/p>\n

Emocionet si g\u00ebzimi dhe siguria jan\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kujtuar. Truri yn\u00eb gjykon aromat pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre emocioneve. “Aromat mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb pastaj lidhje me kujtimet p\u00ebrmes emocioneve”, thot\u00eb Bermeitinger. Sepse at\u00ebher\u00eb aktivizohet hipokampusi fqinj. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rajon, ku truri yn\u00eb p\u00ebrpunon p\u00ebrvojat dhe formon kujtimet. Protagonisti Swann n\u00eb romanin e Proustit pati nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme: kur ndjeu arom\u00ebn e \u00e7ajit dhe t\u00eb biskotave t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta madeleine, nj\u00eb ndjenj\u00eb lumturie e p\u00ebrshkoi t\u00eb t\u00ebrin. Pastaj iu kujtua tezja.<\/p>\n

Kujtime pozitive dhe negative<\/p>\n

Por pse truri i lidh aromat n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb me emocionet dhe kujtimet? Studiuesit kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebdyshje p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb. “Nj\u00eb shpjegim mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb se er\u00ebrat na mbajn\u00eb larg situatave t\u00eb rrezikshme\u201d, thot\u00eb Bermeitinger. P\u00ebr shembull, tek ai q\u00eb nuhat gaz ose di\u00e7ka q\u00eb digjet, ngjallet emocioni i “frik\u00ebs” dhe kujtesa i tregon se \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb n\u00eb raste t\u00eb tilla. Rezultati: Ne reagojm\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull th\u00ebrrasim zjarrfik\u00ebsin ose thjesht ikim me vrap.<\/p>\n

Er\u00ebrat mund t\u00eb ngjallin edhe emocione dhe kujtime negative. K\u00ebshtu ndodh shpesh me njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb vuajn\u00eb prej \u00e7rregullimeve nga stresi post-traumatik (PTSD).<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull ka veteran\u00eb, q\u00eb katapultohen papritmas n\u00eb situat\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs nga era e benzin\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri betejat, sikur t\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrs\u00ebri aty.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit po p\u00ebrpiqen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin njohurit\u00eb p\u00ebr aromat dhe kujtimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb njer\u00ebzit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, mjek\u00ebt u japin pacient\u00ebve me PTSD q\u00eb t\u00eb nuhasin kokrrat e kafes\u00eb, kur shfaqet nj\u00eb kujtim negativ. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ata duhet t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb tashmen, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb zhyten n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Pra aromat mund t\u00eb ngjallin kujtime t\u00eb ndryshme intensive. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, humbja e nuhatjes mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb e hershme e humbjes s\u00eb kujtes\u00ebs dhe Alzheimerit.<\/p>\n

Aromat mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren edhe p\u00ebr trajtimin e pacient\u00ebve me demenc\u00eb\u201d, shpjegon psikologu Bermeitinger. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mjek\u00ebt p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb zgjojn\u00eb kujtimet e harruara t\u00eb pacient\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Dhe p\u00ebrtej mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb njer\u00ebzit din\u00eb si t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga aromat. N\u00eb kriminologji, p\u00ebr shembull, er\u00ebrat p\u00ebrdoren kur intervistohen d\u00ebshmitar\u00ebt okular\u00eb. Hetuesit shpresojn\u00eb se k\u00ebshtu d\u00ebshmitar\u00ebt do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kujtojn\u00eb nj\u00eb krim n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar. Ka po ashtu p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur aromat n\u00eb industrin\u00eb e arg\u00ebtimit. Ka pasur eksperimente me t\u00eb ashtuquajturat kinema 4D, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shikuesit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb mund ta shihnin filmin, por edhe ta nuhasin at\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb kjo nuk u prit shum\u00eb mir\u00eb nga vizitor\u00ebt: disa nuk nuhat\u00ebn sa duhet aromat, tek disa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb tjer\u00eb shkaktoi t\u00ebshtitje.<\/p>\n

Nuhatje virtuale<\/p>\n

Vitet e fundit jan\u00eb zhvilluar syze t\u00eb realitetit virtual (VR) q\u00eb mund t\u00eb l\u00ebshojn\u00eb edhe aroma. P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, inxhinier\u00ebt i analizojn\u00eb aromat n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsve t\u00eb tyre kimik\u00eb dhe i prodhojn\u00eb artificialisht ato. Ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb paketuara n\u00eb fishek\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas instalohen te syzet.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb ka syze q\u00eb mund t\u00eb l\u00ebshojn\u00eb aromat e tr\u00ebndafilit apo t\u00eb detit. K\u00ebshtu bota VR mund t\u00eb duket m\u00eb emocionale dhe reale.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb aromat artificiale nuk i afrohen dot ende aromave origjinale. Ndoshta m\u00eb shum\u00eb do t\u00eb na p\u00eblqente t\u00eb nuhasnim nj\u00eb buqet\u00eb me tr\u00ebndafila ose nj\u00eb biskot\u00eb madeleine t\u00eb sapopjekur. DW<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Disa aroma zgjojn\u00eb kujtime dhe shkaktojn\u00eb emocione t\u00eb forta. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb tru – dhe si mjek\u00ebt dhe sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit p\u00ebrpiqen t`i p\u00ebrdorin k\u00ebto njohuri. N\u00eb at\u00eb moment, kur Swan ndjeu arom\u00ebn e biskotave madeleine t\u00eb sapopjekura dhe \u00e7ajit t\u00eb luleblirit, u drodh i hipnotizuar nga di\u00e7ka e pazakont\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodhte me t\u00eb. At\u00eb e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-19867","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kuriozitete"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19867","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19867"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19867\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19871,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19867\/revisions\/19871"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19867"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19867"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19867"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}