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<\/p>\nViti 2022 sh\u00ebnon 500 vjetorin e udh\u00ebtimit rreth bot\u00ebs t\u00eb Magelanit dhe Elcanos – nj\u00eb momenti t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb histori, sepse tregoi se bota \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrumbullak\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
Dy vjet e nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb muaj dhe dy jav\u00eb udh\u00ebtoi anija “Victoria\u201d e ngarkuar nga mbret\u00ebria spanjolle. Anija ishte nj\u00eb nga pes\u00eb anijet me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kapiteni Fern\u00e3o de Magalh\u00e3es, i njohur sot si Ferdinand Magelan, filloi\u00a0n\u00eb shtator t\u00eb 1519 udh\u00ebtimin duke u nisur nga Sanlucar de Barrameda\u00a0e Spanj\u00ebs.\u00a0Misioni i\u00a0Magelanit ishte t\u00eb gjente rrug\u00ebt q\u00eb kalonin nga brigjet per\u00ebndimore drejt ishujve indoneziane Molukken, p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb karafil\u00eb, arr\u00ebmyshqe dhe piper, er\u00ebza t\u00eb shtrenjta n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb.\u00a0Magelani\u00a0nuk jetonte m\u00eb kur anija u kthye m\u00eb 1522, po ashtu si pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e ekuipazhit prej 244 vet\u00ebsh. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe sot ai shihet si pionier i udh\u00ebtimeve rreth bot\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Luftarak i sprovuar dhe karizmatik\u00a0<\/p>\n
Magelani, i lindur n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Portugalis\u00eb m\u00eb 1480, ishte katolik dhe b\u00ebnte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb klas\u00ebn e ul\u00ebt aristokratike. Q\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb t\u00eb re ai e tregoi veten t\u00eb sprovuar p\u00ebr misionet ushtarake. Me flot\u00ebn portugeze t\u00eb er\u00ebzave dhe flot\u00ebn luftarake ai mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb Indi dhe n\u00eb gadishullin malajzian p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb. Tet\u00eb vjet\u00eb me radh\u00eb ai luftoi n\u00eb betejat koloniale t\u00eb Azis\u00eb dhe Afrik\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Pas vitit 1517, Ferdinand\u00a0Magelani, i zem\u00ebruar me mbretin e tij portugez lundroi n\u00ebn flamurin spanjoll. Urdh\u00ebrat tani ai i merrte nga Mbreti Karl I, i njohur m\u00eb von\u00eb si Karl V., \u00a0Perandor i mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb shenjt\u00eb romake. “Teologu dhe shkrimtari spanjoll, Bartolom\u00e9 de Las Casas e p\u00ebrshkruan\u00a0Magelanin si trupshkurt\u00ebr dhe njeri q\u00eb nuk binte n\u00eb sy\u201d, thot\u00eb p\u00ebr Deutsche Welle-n historian Christian Jostmann. Por, ai zot\u00ebronte karizm\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme: “Kur vinte puna ai ishte shit\u00ebs i mrekulluesh\u00ebm dhe aktor, q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb bindte t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt me idet\u00eb dhe synimet e tij t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.\u201d Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pra \u00e7udi q\u00eb marinari ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb bindte mbretin spanjoll q\u00eb t’i financonte udh\u00ebtimin p\u00ebr n\u00eb Molukken.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb “mision vet\u00ebvras\u00ebs”\u00a0<\/p>\n
“T\u00eb pasurohej, t\u00eb krijonte koloni spanjolle, t\u00eb kristianizonte dhe t\u00eb kalonte n\u00eb shtresat e larta, me k\u00ebto synime doli\u00a0Magelani\u00a0n\u00eb det,\u201d thot\u00eb historiani Christoph Jostmann. N\u00eb librin e tij “Magelani: ose Udh\u00ebtimi i par\u00eb rreth bot\u00ebs” ai p\u00ebrshkruan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb plot gjall\u00ebri se si e p\u00ebrjetuan nism\u00ebtari dhe bashk\u00ebudh\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb udh\u00ebtimin e par\u00eb rreth bot\u00ebs me stuhira, munges\u00eb er\u00ebrash, uri, etje, s\u00ebmundje, revolta n\u00eb bord dhe konflikte vdekjeprur\u00ebse me popujt indogjen\u00eb. “Kjo nuk kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte me romanc\u00ebn detare,\u201d thot\u00eb Jostmann: “Ata jetuan me rreth 50 vet\u00eb p\u00ebr muaj t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb holzboti\u00e7, q\u00eb kishte mbase sip\u00ebrfaqe p\u00ebrdorimi prej 150 metra katror\u00ebsh, q\u00eb nuk kishte objekte sanitare, nuk kishte kuzhin\u00eb dhe sfer\u00eb private. Ushqimi ishte i thjesht\u00eb, kujdes sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor nuk kishte dhe pasiguria ishte aq e madhe saq\u00eb misioni dukej vet\u00ebvras\u00ebs.\u201d \u00a0<\/p>\n
Flota lundroi fillimisht n\u00eb ishujt Kanare, pastaj p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregdetit afrikan deri n\u00eb Sierra Leone. N\u00eb ngushtic\u00eb ata kap\u00ebrcyen Atlantikun dhe mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn n\u00eb kontinentin amerikano – jugor, aty ku sot ndodhet Rio de Zhaneiro.\u00a0<\/p>\n
M\u00eb tej lunduan p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregut lindor amerikano-jugor. Nj\u00eb mision i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb: Flot\u00ebs iu desh t\u00eb kalonte dimrin, furnizimi u b\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, atmosfera n\u00eb bord gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e keqe. Revoltat nuk munguan.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Rruga detare drejt Per\u00ebndimit
\nMagelani\u00a0q\u00ebndroi k\u00ebmb\u00ebngul\u00ebs: M\u00eb 21 tetor 1520 ai zbuloi nj\u00eb kep dhe lundroi midis cepit jugor t\u00eb kontinentit amerikano-jugor dhe ishullit Feuerland n\u00eb nj\u00eb labirinth t\u00eb nd\u00ebrthurur rrug\u00ebsh ujore. Anija e par\u00eb humbi, nj\u00eb anije tjet\u00ebr shfryt\u00ebzoi paqart\u00ebsin\u00eb e shikimit p\u00ebr t\u2018u kthyer mbrapsht n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb. Por\u00a0Magelani\u00a0e gjeti m\u00eb n\u00eb fund vendkalimin e shum\u00ebk\u00ebrkuar: nj\u00eb ngushtic\u00eb detare q\u00eb mezi duket dhe derdhet nga Oqeani Atlantik n\u00eb Oqeanin Paq\u00ebsor, i njohur sot si rruga e\u00a0Magelanit. Gjasht\u00eb jav\u00eb iu desh\u00ebn Armad\u00ebs s\u00eb reduktuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur n\u00eb Oqeanin Paq\u00ebsor.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Nga juglindja e Oqeanit t\u00eb Qet\u00eb lundrimi vazhdoi tre muaj e gjysm\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb harku n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb veriper\u00ebndimit, gjat\u00eb t\u00eb cilit ata nuk has\u00ebn asnj\u00eb ishull t\u00eb banuar. Uria, etja dhe s\u00ebmundjet i morr\u00ebn jet\u00ebn 19 vet\u00ebve, para se anijet t\u00eb furnizoheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ishujt Marianen. \u00a0<\/p>\n
M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, ekuipazhi me 150 marinar\u00ebt e mbetur mb\u00ebrriti m\u00eb 21 mars 1521 n\u00eb Filipine, duke qen\u00eb europian\u00ebt e par\u00eb q\u00eb shkelnin atje, p\u00ebr\u00a0Magelanin ky ishte stacioni i fundit i\u00a0udh\u00ebtimit. Ai donte t\u00eb pushtonte ishujt e pasur p\u00ebr t’i kthyer n\u00eb pron\u00eb spanjolle, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb mbase m\u00eb von\u00eb vet\u00eb guvernator i tyre. Por kur\u00a0Magelani\u00a0u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb merrte me luft\u00eb nj\u00eb fshat, nj\u00eb shigjet\u00eb me helm e q\u00eblloi p\u00ebr vdekje dhe i mori jet\u00ebn m\u00eb 27 prill. Anijet e mbetura dol\u00ebn me nxitim n\u00eb lundrim n\u00eb det.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrfundimi i udh\u00ebtimit rreth bot\u00ebs\u00a0<\/p>\n
T\u00eb komanduar nga Juan Sebasti\u00e1n Elcano dy anijet lundruan nga Filipinet n\u00eb ishujt e er\u00ebzave. Atje ata morr\u00ebn mallrat e d\u00ebshiruara. Elcano zgjodhi p\u00ebr kthim rrug\u00ebn e rrezikshme rreth Kepit t\u00eb Shpres\u00ebs s\u00eb Mir\u00eb, anija e dyt\u00eb q\u00eb kish mbetur humbi rrug\u00ebs. Gati tre vjet pas largimit t\u00eb Armad\u00ebs nga Molukken, Elcano p\u00ebrfundoi me sukses udh\u00ebtimin rreth bot\u00ebs, t\u00eb filluar nga\u00a0Magelani, por t\u00eb paplanifikuar nga ai.\u00a0<\/p>\n
“Victoria\u201d mb\u00ebrriti m\u00eb 6 shtator 1522 portin spanjoll Sanl\u00facar de Barrameda, prej nga ishte nisur. Gati 20 marinar\u00ebt q\u00eb mbijetuan udh\u00ebtimin, mor\u00ebn fam\u00ebn p\u00ebr lundrimin e par\u00eb historik rreth bot\u00ebs, i cili d\u00ebshmoi nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht se bota \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrumbullak\u00ebt. Rruga per\u00ebndimore mban q\u00eb nga ajo koh\u00eb emrin e marinarit portugez: Rruga e\u00a0Magelanit.\u00a0DW\u00a0<\/p>\n
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Viti 2022 sh\u00ebnon 500 vjetorin e udh\u00ebtimit rreth bot\u00ebs t\u00eb Magelanit dhe Elcanos – nj\u00eb momenti t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb histori, sepse tregoi se bota \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrumbullak\u00ebt. Dy vjet e nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb muaj dhe dy jav\u00eb udh\u00ebtoi anija “Victoria\u201d e ngarkuar nga mbret\u00ebria spanjolle. Anija ishte nj\u00eb nga pes\u00eb anijet me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kapiteni Fern\u00e3o de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18643,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18639","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kuriozitete"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18639"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18644,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18639\/revisions\/18644"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neutrale.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}